Proteus has been associated with ulcerative lesions in the gastrointestinal tract of immunodeficient mice. Immunodeficient mice have a heightened susceptibility to pathogenic infection. Clinical SignsĬlinical disease can occur following stress or induced immunosuppression. Proteus mirabilis colonizes the intestinal tract of most humans and is commonly found in research mice unless specifically excluded. Proteus mirabilis is a ubiquitous gram-negative organism that can remain latent in the respiratory and intestinal tracts of normal mice ( Percy and Barthold, 2007). Barthold DVM, PhD, Diplomate ACVP, in Laboratory Animal Medicine (Third Edition), 2015 Etiology This chapter reiterates previous works discussed in the first edition and introduce current research being performed on this uropathogen. mirabilis genome and transcriptome profiling have allowed for better understanding of the disease process caused by this bacteria in the urinary tract. mirabilis include adhesins, motility, biofilm formation, immunoavoidance, toxins and nutrient acquisition. The virulence factors known to be involved in UTIs caused by P. mirabilis must possess virulence factors to adapt to the local environment and to evade the host immune response. To establish and infect the urinary tract, P. mirabilis, this organism serves a model of pathogenesis for these types of infections. coli uropathogens has been conducted on P. Proteus mirabilis is a frequent cause of these infections in individuals with abnormal urinary tracts or using indwelling catheters (CAUTIs). Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common nosocomial infections. Shirtliff, in Molecular Medical Microbiology (Second Edition), 2015
Lis isolated in those cases which alkaline urine pH was observed.Sandra M. Urolithiasis were observed as common predisposing or underlying factors to UTI being, cither Staphylococcus sp. Infection was seen in all ages, but the frequency was higher in middle aged dogs. UTI was observed more frequently in Cocker Spaniel and German Shepherd male dogs were more involved, and pyelonephritis was the predominant disease observed. As to antimicrobial susceptibility, norfloxacin and gentamicin were successful for the treatment of gram-negative microorganisms, while the most effective drugs for gram-positive bacteria were cephalothin and nitrofurantoin. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.9%), Enterobacter cloacae (2.0%), Citrobacter freundii (2.0%) and Providencia rettgeri (2.0%). Among them, Escherichia coli (35.3%) was the most frequently isolated, followed by Staphylococcus sp. Mixed infection was found in 4 of the infected dogs, totallizing 55 isolates. The diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) was based on bacteriological investigation and it was considered positive when urine sample collected by catheterization contained more than 105 bacteria/ml. Several factors such as etiologic agents, localization of the infection, predisposing factors, sex, age, and breed were considered. Urinary tract infections were documented in 51 dogs. or Proteus mirabilis isolated in those cases which alkaline urine pH was observed.